Sitagliptin Tablets 100mg

About Sitagliptin Tablets 100mg

Sitagliptin 100 mg Tablets is an oral medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. Sitagliptin is a DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitor, a class of drugs that help manage blood sugar levels by improving the body's ability to process insulin after meals.

Common Uses:

Sitagliptin is primarily prescribed for managing type 2 diabetes and is typically used alongside diet and exercise to help control blood sugar levels. It is not used for type 1 diabetes or for diabetic ketoacidosis.

Mechanism of Action:

• DPP-4 Inhibition: Sitagliptin works by inhibiting the enzyme DPP-4, which is involved in breaking down certain hormones called incretins (like GLP-1 and GIP). These hormones help increase insulin production in response to meals and reduce glucose production in the liver. By inhibiting DPP-4, Sitagliptin increases the activity of incretin hormones, leading to better control of blood sugar levels.
• It also helps lower blood sugar by enhancing the body's own insulin secretion, especially after meals, and reduces excessive glucose production by the liver.

Dosage and Administration:

• The usual starting dose of Sitagliptin is 100 mg once daily.
• It is usually taken once a day, with or without food.
• Adjustments may be made depending on the patient's kidney function. People with kidney impairment may require a lower dose (e.g., 50 mg or 25 mg).
• Do not chew or crush the tablet; swallow it whole.

Possible Side Effects:

Common side effects of Sitagliptin include:

• Headache
• Nasopharyngitis (cold-like symptoms)
• Upper respiratory tract infections
• Sore throat
• Stomach upset (nausea, diarrhea, or constipation)

Serious side effects (although rare) can include:

• Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas), which may cause severe stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting. If you experience these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), especially when taken with other diabetes medications like sulfonylureas or insulin.
• Kidney problems, such as reduced kidney function or acute kidney injury.
• Severe allergic reactions: Rash, itching, swelling of the face or throat, or difficulty breathing.

Precautions:

1. Kidney Disease: Sitagliptin is eliminated from the body through the kidneys, so people with kidney problems may require a dose adjustment. If you have kidney disease, your doctor may monitor your kidney function regularly.
2. Pancreatitis: Sitagliptin has been associated with a risk of pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). If you have a history of pancreatitis, inform your doctor.
3. Hypoglycemia: While Sitagliptin alone does not typically cause low blood sugar, it may increase the risk of hypoglycemia when used in combination with other medications like insulin or sulfonylureas. Monitor your blood sugar regularly.
4. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Sitagliptin should only be used during pregnancy if the benefits outweigh the risks. Consult your healthcare provider if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding.
5. Allergic Reactions: If you notice signs of an allergic reaction (skin rash, itching, swelling), seek medical advice immediately.

Important Notes:

• Diet and Exercise: Sitagliptin should be used alongside a proper diet and exercise plan for optimal diabetes management.
• Regular Monitoring: It is important to regularly monitor your blood sugar levels while using Sitagliptin and follow your doctor's guidance.
• Kidney Function: Your doctor may regularly test your kidney function to ensure Sitagliptin is working safely for you, especially if you have pre-existing kidney conditions.

Lifestyle Considerations:

• Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to support kidney function, particularly if you have any kidney concerns.
• Exercise: Regular physical activity is important for managing blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes. Your doctor may help you create an exercise plan.
• Diet: Following a balanced, diabetic-friendly diet can help you manage blood sugar and improve overall health. Consider consulting a dietitian to help plan meals.