Capsy 500 Mg Tablet

Product Description

Capsy 500 mg Tablet typically contains Fluconazole, an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections. Fluconazole works by inhibiting the growth of fungi and is effective against a broad range of fungal pathogens.

Indications

Capsy 500 mg Tablet (Fluconazole) is used for the treatment and prevention of various fungal infections, including:

1. Candidiasis:
   • Oral thrush (a yeast infection in the mouth)
   • Vaginal candidiasis (yeast infection)
   • Esophageal candidiasis (fungal infection in the esophagus)
2. Cryptococcal Meningitis: A severe fungal infection affecting the brain, often in immunocompromised individuals such as those with HIV/AIDS.
3. Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Patients: It may be prescribed to prevent or treat fungal infections in patients with weakened immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or with organ transplants.
4. Tinea Infections: Fluconazole is sometimes used to treat fungal infections affecting the skin, including conditions like athlete's foot and ringworm.

Mechanism of Action

Fluconazole is a triazole antifungal that works by inhibiting the enzyme 14-alpha demethylase, which is crucial for the synthesis of ergosterol. Ergosterol is a key component of the fungal cell membrane. By inhibiting its production, fluconazole causes damage to the cell membrane, leading to the death of the fungal cell and ultimately treating the infection.

Dosage and Administration

The exact dosage of Capsy 500 mg (Fluconazole) depends on the type and severity of the infection.

• For Vaginal Candidiasis:

  • A typical dose is 150 mg as a single dose. In some cases, the dose might be adjusted based on the patient's response.

• For Oral and Esophageal Candidiasis:

  • The typical dose for adults is 200 mg on the first day, followed by 100 mg daily for several weeks.

• For Cryptococcal Meningitis:

  • The typical dosage for treating cryptococcal meningitis is 400 mg on the first day, followed by 200 mg daily for several weeks, with long-term treatment often necessary for prevention of recurrence.

• For Prevention of Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Patients:

  • The dosage varies but typically starts at 200 mg to 400 mg daily, depending on the patient's risk factors and health condition.

• For Skin and Nail Fungal Infections:

  • For tinea infections (such as athlete™s foot), the usual dose is 150 mg once weekly for several weeks or more, depending on the severity of the infection.

• Administration:

  • Capsy 500 mg Tablets are typically taken once a day with or without food, as directed by the healthcare provider.
  • Ensure that you complete the full course of treatment even if you start feeling better, as stopping the medication early could lead to a recurrence of the infection.

Side Effects

Common side effects of Capsy 500 mg Tablet (Fluconazole) include:

• Headache
• Nausea or vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Diarrhea
• Dizziness
• Skin rash

Serious side effects (though rare) may include:

• Liver toxicity: Symptoms can include yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, or abdominal pain. Liver function should be monitored during prolonged treatment.
• Severe Allergic Reactions: Symptoms may include rash, itching, difficulty breathing, or swelling of the face or throat. Seek medical attention immediately if these occur.
• QT Prolongation: Fluconazole can affect the heart's rhythm, leading to QT prolongation, a type of arrhythmia that can be dangerous in patients with heart problems.
• Severe skin reactions: These can include Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a rare but serious condition that causes painful skin rashes and blisters.

Precautions and Warnings

• Liver Disease: Patients with liver disease or a history of liver issues should use fluconazole with caution. Regular monitoring of liver function may be required.
• Kidney Disease: Fluconazole is excreted through the kidneys, so dose adjustments may be necessary for patients with kidney problems.
• Heart Conditions: Fluconazole can prolong the QT interval on the electrocardiogram (ECG), potentially causing dangerous heart rhythms, especially in patients with pre-existing heart conditions. Use caution in patients with heart problems.
• Pregnancy: Fluconazole is classified as Category C in pregnancy, meaning it should only be used if the potential benefits outweigh the potential risks to the fetus. Higher doses of fluconazole should be avoided during pregnancy.
• Breastfeeding: Fluconazole passes into breast milk, so it should be used cautiously if the mother is breastfeeding. If needed, the doctor may recommend discontinuing breastfeeding during treatment.

Drug Interactions

Fluconazole can interact with a variety of medications, including:

• Warfarin (blood thinner): Fluconazole can enhance the effect of warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding. Close monitoring of prothrombin time or INR is recommended.
• Sulfonylureas (used for diabetes): Fluconazole can increase the blood sugar-lowering effect of sulfonylureas, leading to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
• Cyclosporine (immunosuppressant): Fluconazole can increase cyclosporine levels, raising the risk of kidney toxicity.
• Benzodiazepines (for anxiety): Fluconazole may increase the levels of certain benzodiazepines, potentially leading to increased sedative effects.

Important Considerations

• Adherence to Dosing: It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosing schedule and not skip doses to ensure the infection is fully treated.
• Duration of Treatment: Some fungal infections, such as those affecting the nails or skin, may require long-term treatment to prevent recurrence. It is essential to complete the full course of therapy as prescribed.
• Avoid Alcohol: While not strictly contraindicated, alcohol may exacerbate some side effects like nausea or dizziness. It is best to avoid alcohol during treatment.

Conclusion

Capsy 500 mg Tablet (Fluconazole) is a broad-spectrum antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections such as candidiasis, cryptococcal meningitis, and tinea infections. While it is generally safe and effective, it may cause side effects like gastrointestinal disturbances, liver toxicity, or allergic reactions. It's important to follow the prescribed dose, complete the full treatment course, and monitor for any adverse effects during therapy.